为了清除各个浏览器中css的默认设置,让网页的外观在各个浏览器中保持一致css初始化,初始化css是非常有必要的! 多次出现的样式不兼容问题可以通过CSS初始化代码来解决。
1.最耗资源,最简单
* { padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0; }
2.选择性初始化示例(综合)
body,div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,code,legend,button
form,fieldset,input,textarea,p,blockquote,th,td {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
/* 酌情修改 */
body {
background:#fff;color:#333;font-size:12px; margin-top:5px;font-family:"SimSun","宋体","Arial Narrow";
}
/* 短引用的内容可取值:''或"" */
q:before,q:after {content:”;}
/* 缩写,图片等无边框 */
fieldset,img,abbr,acronym {border: 0 none;}
abbr,acronym {font-variant: normal;}
legend {color:#000;}
/* 清除特殊标记的字体和字号 */
address,caption,cite,code,dfn,em,strong,th,var {
font-weight: normal;
font-style: normal;
}
/* 上下标 */
sup {vertical-align: text-top;}
sub {vertical-align: text-bottom;}
/* 设置表格的边框被合并为一个单一的边框, 指定分隔边框模型中单元格边界之间的距离为0*/
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0;
}
/* 表格标题及内容居左显示 */
caption,th {text-align: left;}
input,img,select {vertical-align:middle;}
/* 清除列表样式 */
ol,ul {list-style: none;}
/* 输入控件字体 */
input,button,textarea,select,optgroup,option {
font-family:inherit;
font-size:inherit;
font-style:inherit;
font-weight:inherit;
}
/* 标题元素样式清除 */
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {
font-weight: normal;
font-size: 100%;
}
/* 链接样式,颜色可酌情修改 */
del,ins,a {text-decoration:none;}
a:link {color:#009;}
a:visited {color:#800080;}
a:hover,a:active,a:focus {color:#c00; text-decoration:underline;}
/* 鼠标样式 */
input[type="submit"] {cursor: pointer;}
button {cursor: pointer;}
input::-moz-focus-inner { border: 0; padding: 0;}
.clear {clear:both;}
3、新浪
/* 全局样式 */
body,ul,ol,li,p,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,form,fieldset,table,td,img,div{
margin:0;padding:0;border:0;
}
body{
background:#fff;color:#333;font-size:12px; margin-top:5px;font-family:"SimSun","宋体","Arial Narrow";
}
ul,ol{
list-style-type:none;
}
select,input,img,select{
vertical-align:middle;
}
a{text-decoration:none;}
a:link{color:#009;}
a:visited{color:#800080;}
a:hover,a:active,a:focus{color:#c00;text-decoration:underline;}
4.雅虎
html {
background: none repeat scroll 0 0 #FFFFFF;
color: #000000;
}
body, div, dl, dt, dd, ul, ol, li, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, pre, code, form, fieldset, legend, input, textarea, p, blockquote, th, td {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0;
}
fieldset, img {
border: 0 none;
}
address, caption, cite, code, dfn, em, strong, th, var {
font-style: normal;
font-weight: normal;
}
li {
list-style: none outside none;
}
caption, th {
text-align: left;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
font-size: 100%;
font-weight: normal;
}
q:before, q:after {
content: "";
}
abbr, acronym {
border: 0 none;
font-variant: normal;
}
sup {
vertical-align: text-top;
}
sub {
vertical-align: text-bottom;
}
input, textarea, select {
font-family: inherit;
font-size: inherit;
font-weight: inherit;
}
input, textarea, select {
}
legend {
color: #000000;
}
body {
font: 13px/1.231 arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif;
}
select, input, button, textarea {
font: 99% arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif;
}
table {
font-size: inherit;
}
pre, code, kbd, samp, tt {
font-family: monospace;
line-height: 100%;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
}
a:hover, a:focus {
text-decoration: underline;
}
strong {
font-weight: bold;
}
input[type="submit"] {
cursor: pointer;
}
button {
cursor: pointer;
}
5.博客园
/*version: 2.7.0*/
html,body{color:#000;background:#FFF;}
body,div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,code,form,fieldset,legend,input,button,textarea,p,blockquote,th,td{
margin:0;padding:0;
}
table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;}
fieldset,img{border:0;}
address,caption,cite,code,dfn,em,strong,th,var,optgroup{
font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;
}
del,ins{text-decoration:none;}
li{list-style:none;}
caption,th{text-align:left;}
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{ font-size:100%;font-weight:normal;}
q:before,q:after{content:'';}
abbr,acronym{border:0;font-variant:normal;}
sup{vertical-align:baseline;}
sub{vertical-align:baseline;}
legend{color:#000;}
input,button,textarea,select,optgroup,option{
font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;
}
input,button,textarea,select{*font-size:100%;}
.clear{clear:both;}
input::-moz-focus-inner{ border: 0;padding: 0;}
/*added*/
input[type=button],input[type=submit] {-webkit-appearance: button;}
标准化:
Normalize.css最大的特点:保留有用的浏览器默认样式而不是全部“杀掉”css初始化,对浏览器非常友好
vue框架中如何使用
NPM
npm install --save normalize.css
mianimport 'normalize.css' 如果报错
npm install css-loader style-loader
Normalize.css官网:
github地址:
不同的浏览器对于某些标签有不同的默认值。 为了消除不同浏览器对HTML文本渲染的差异并照顾兼容性css 初始化css 初始化,我们需要初始化CSS
简单理解:CSS初始化是指重置浏览器的默认样式(也称为CSSreset)
每个网页都必须使用 CSS 进行初始化,以确保浏览器兼容性
易讯初始化代码
初始化就是设置body的样式
Ctrl+f 查找正文
易迅初始化代码如下
/*将所有标签的内外边距清零*/
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0
}
/*斜体的文字不倾斜*/
em, i {
font-style: normal
}
/*去掉 li 的小圆点*/
li {
list-style: none
}
img {
/*border: 0 照顾低版本浏览器,如果图片外面有链接会有边框的问题*/
border: 0;
/*取消图片底侧有空白缝隙的问题*/
vertical-align: middle
}
button {
/*移动到按钮上时,鼠标样式更改为小手*/
cursor: pointer
}
a {
color: #666;
text-decoration: none
}
a:hover {
color: #c81623
}
button, input {
/*"5B8B4F53" 表示宋体*/
font-family: Microsoft YaHei, Heiti SC, tahoma, arial, Hiragino Sans GB, "5B8B4F53", sans-serif
}
body {
/*CSS3 抗锯齿性,让文字显示更清晰*/
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
background-color: #fff;
font: 12px/1.5 Microsoft YaHei, Heiti SC, tahoma, arial, Hiragino Sans GB, "5B8B4F53", sans-serif;
color: #666
}
.hide, .none {
display: none
}
/*清除浮动*/
.clearfix:after {
visibility: hidden;
clear: both;
display: block;
content: ".";
height: 0
}
/*.clearfix {*/
/* *zoom: 1*/
/*}*/
Unicode 编码字体:
将英文字体的名称替换为对应的Unicode代码,可以有效防止浏览器解释CSS代码时出现乱码问题
例如: